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Water Supply System:

The planning, design, financing, construction, of modern urban water supply scheme is complex undetaking. Each water supply schee by its very nature, must be uniquely concieved.
Even in its most specific sense as an engineering enterprise satisfactory development of water supply scheme depends upon demographic, hydrologic, geodetic and geologic information that can be made available only by decades of institutionalized, oderly observation, recording and analysis.
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Conveyance of Water:
The term of conveyance of water is used to indicate the following two arrangements:

1. Drawing off the water from the sources of water, commonly known as intakes.
2. Leading water from intakes to purification plants and then leading the treated water to consumers through distribution pipes.

Intakes:
An intake is a construction that is constructed across the surface of water so as to permit the withdrawl of water from the source. The structure may be of stone, masonry, brick masonry, R.C.C or concrete blocks. It is to be constructed watertight and it should be designed for all forces likely to come upon it including the pressure due to wave action, wind, floating debris,etc.
The location of intake should be taken carefully.

What are the important considerations that govern the selection of site of an intake?
Following are the important considerations that govern the site selection of site of an intake:

1. Controlling devices,
2. Cost,
3. Navigation channels,
4. Permanence of supply,
5. Quality of water,
6. Screen or strainers, and
7. Situation

1.  Controlling Devices:The controlling devices of an intake should be located at a place that is accesible even during floods.
2. Cost: The intake should be constructed of locally available material and labor so as to make it cost reasonable.
3. Naviagation channels: The intakes should never be located near the navigation channels. There are chances of water of intake being polluted due to discharges of refuse and wastes from ships and boats.
4. Permanence of supply: The intake should be located as to ensure the supply of water even under the worst condition. 
5. Quality of water: It is desirable to install a submerged intake. The water from such an intake is drawn off from a level that is lower than the surface level from the water. If surface level of water is varying, openings at different heights should be provided to draw off water. The location of an intake should be such that polluted water does not get entry into it. 
6. Screen or Strainers: The screen or strainers should be provided at the entry level of an intake. The screen avoid the entry of floating matter. The screens may be of coarse type or of fine type. The coarse screen usually consists of metallic rods placed about 25mm to 50mm apart and they remove large objects. The fine screen usually consists of wire net having openings of size 6mm x 6mm or less and they remove objects.
7. Situation: The situation of intakes should be so selected that floods, scouring, silting and storms least affects it.